Minimally Invasive Clinical Modalities in Management of White Spot Lesions in Post Orthodontic Patients: A Review

Ahmed S. Albasso; Khawla M. Awni; Niam Alsaleem; Sarmad S. Salih Al Qassar

doi:10.5455/EJDR.20260323014544

Abstract
White spot lesions are the most common complication post orthodontic therapy, it is an undesirable appearance that affects the patient's smile and jeopardizes the satisfactory outcomes of well-treated cases. This review aims to identify the clinically used minimally invasive strategies in the treatment of orthodontically-induced WSL after orthodontic appliance debonding and their clinical outcome evidence. PubMed and ScienceDirect databases were used to search for specific keywords: "Bioactive glass", "CPP-ACP", "Bleaching", "Microabrasion", "Self-assembling peptide", "Icon" OR "Resin infiltration", combined with "Post orthodontic white spot lesions" OR "De-Bracketing" OR "Orthodontic de-bonding". Clinical studies and randomized controlled trials published from 2015 to 2025 related to treatment modalities of orthodontically-induced WSL were included. The total number of included studies was 24. Resin infiltration seems to be the best clinical treatment option for orthodontically-induced WSL in terms of matching color and stability, despite its high cost and technically sensitive limitations.

Key words: Microinvasive, Minimal invasive, Esthetics, Orthodontics, white spot lesion