Isolation and drug susceptibility profiling of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and Staphylococcus aureus from equine ulcerative lymphangitis exudates

Hussaini Adam Muhammad; Mubarak Ilyasu; Buhari Yusuf; Zainab Muhammad; Hauwa Muhammad

doi:10.5455/EJMID.20251105051629

Eu J Microbiol Infect Dis. 2026; 3(4): 171-177

doi: 10.5455/EJMID.20251105051629

Isolation and drug susceptibility profiling of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and Staphylococcus aureus from equine ulcerative lymphangitis exudates

Hussaini Adam Muhammad, Mubarak Ilyasu, Buhari Yusuf, Zainab Muhammad, Hauwa Muhammad.

Abstract
Aim: This study investigated the occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and Staphylococcus aureus in horses diagnosed with ulcerative lymphangitis in Igabi and Zaria Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Methods: A total of 45 exudate samples were collected from clinically affected horses presenting with characteristic nodular lesions, limb swelling, and purulent discharge between July and September 2017. Samples were collected from multiple lesion sites to capture within-animal variability. Standard microbiological techniques, including Gram staining, biochemical tests, and selective culturing, were used to isolate and identify the pathogens. Antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was evaluated using the disc diffusion method according to established guidelines.
Findings: C. pseudotuberculosis was isolated from 22 (48.9%) of the samples, S. aureus from 18 (40%), and both pathogens from 5 (11.1%) of the samples, confirming their involvement in ulcerative lymphangitis. All C. pseudotuberculosis isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, with moderate resistance observed to rifampicin (7.4%) and gentamicin (7.4%), and high resistance to erythromycin (66.7%). S. aureus isolates were also fully susceptible to ciprofloxacin but exhibited complete resistance to ampiclox and moderate resistance to amoxicillin.
Conclusion: The study confirms the dual etiological role of C. pseudotuberculosis and S. aureus in equine ulcerative lymphangitis. Ciprofloxacin is highlighted as an effective therapeutic option. Routine antimicrobial susceptibility testing is recommended to guide appropriate treatment, reduce the risk of resistance development, and enhance clinical outcomes in equine management.

Key words: Ulcerative lymphangitis, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, Staphylococcus aureus, antibiogram, equine.

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How to Cite this Article

Pubmed Style

Muhammad HA, Ilyasu M, Yusuf B, Muhammad Z, Muhammad H. Isolation and drug susceptibility profiling of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and Staphylococcus aureus from equine ulcerative lymphangitis exudates. Eu J Microbiol Infect Dis. 2026; 3(4): 171-177.

doi:10.5455/EJMID.20251105051629

Web Style

Muhammad HA, Ilyasu M, Yusuf B, Muhammad Z, Muhammad H. Isolation and drug susceptibility profiling of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and Staphylococcus aureus from equine ulcerative lymphangitis exudates. https://www.wisdomgale.com/ejmid/?mno=294760 [Access: October 25, 2026].

doi:10.5455/EJMID.20251105051629

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Muhammad HA, Ilyasu M, Yusuf B, Muhammad Z, Muhammad H. Isolation and drug susceptibility profiling of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and Staphylococcus aureus from equine ulcerative lymphangitis exudates. Eu J Microbiol Infect Dis. 2026; 3(4): 171-177.

doi:10.5455/EJMID.20251105051629

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Muhammad HA, Ilyasu M, Yusuf B, Muhammad Z, Muhammad H. Isolation and drug susceptibility profiling of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and Staphylococcus aureus from equine ulcerative lymphangitis exudates. Eu J Microbiol Infect Dis. (2026), [cited October 25, 2026]; 3(4): 171-177.

doi:10.5455/EJMID.20251105051629

Harvard Style

Muhammad, H. A., Ilyasu, . M., Yusuf, . B., Muhammad, . Z. & Muhammad, . H. (2026) Isolation and drug susceptibility profiling of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and Staphylococcus aureus from equine ulcerative lymphangitis exudates. Eu J Microbiol Infect Dis, 3 (4), 171-177.

doi:10.5455/EJMID.20251105051629

Turabian Style

Muhammad, Hussaini Adam, Mubarak Ilyasu, Buhari Yusuf, Zainab Muhammad, and Hauwa Muhammad. 2026. Isolation and drug susceptibility profiling of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and Staphylococcus aureus from equine ulcerative lymphangitis exudates. European Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 3 (4), 171-177.

doi:10.5455/EJMID.20251105051629

Chicago Style

Muhammad, Hussaini Adam, Mubarak Ilyasu, Buhari Yusuf, Zainab Muhammad, and Hauwa Muhammad. "Isolation and drug susceptibility profiling of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and Staphylococcus aureus from equine ulcerative lymphangitis exudates." European Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 3 (2026), 171-177.

doi:10.5455/EJMID.20251105051629

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Muhammad, Hussaini Adam, Mubarak Ilyasu, Buhari Yusuf, Zainab Muhammad, and Hauwa Muhammad. "Isolation and drug susceptibility profiling of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and Staphylococcus aureus from equine ulcerative lymphangitis exudates." European Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 3.4 (2026), 171-177. Print.

doi:10.5455/EJMID.20251105051629

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Muhammad, H. A., Ilyasu, . M., Yusuf, . B., Muhammad, . Z. & Muhammad, . H. (2026) Isolation and drug susceptibility profiling of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and Staphylococcus aureus from equine ulcerative lymphangitis exudates. European Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 3 (4), 171-177.

doi:10.5455/EJMID.20251105051629