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Original Article
Online Published: 29 Dec 2025
 


Escherichia coli in Human-consumable Foods: Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance Phenotypes, and Genotypes in selective areas of Bangladesh

Mohammad Anisur Rahman, Chandra Shaker Chouhan, Adnan Ahmed, A. K. M. Anisur Rahman, Md Ariful Islam, Md Jayedul Islam, Md Mahbub Alam.


Abstract
Background and Aim: Multidrug-resistant (MDR) foodborne pathogens jeopardize food safety. It has become a global crisis. This study determines the prevalence of E. coli and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in milk, meat, and eggs in retail markets and farms in Bangladesh.
Methods: In total, 302 samples were collected, comprised of 110 milk, 62 chicken, 80 egg, and 50 beef samples, respectively from July 2015 to June 2018. Traditional methods were applied for the isolation of E. coli, followed by PCR detection of ARGs.
Results: Overall, the prevalence of E. coli was 49%. The prevalence in beef (74%) was significantly higher compared to chicken (58.1%), egg (52.5%), and milk (30%) samples, respectively. Antibiogram profiles revealed significant resistance to erythromycin (81.1% - 90.9%) and oxytetracycline (64.9% - 91.7%), while displaying sensitivity to amikacin (85.7% - 100%) and ciprofloxacin (75.8% - 94.6%). MDR was detected in 77% of food samples, and PCR detected 39.2% tetA and 29.7% strA, with 20.3% co-existence. In addition, phylogenetic analyses of these genes revealed 100% similarity with other countries.
Conclusion: Antibiotics should be recommended in both humans and animals, considering the observed resistance patterns. Hygiene and sanitation from farm to fork are essential to mitigate contamination. Governments must implement constant surveillance and limit antibiotic use to prevent the dissemination of ARGs. 

Key words: Prevalence, E.coli, AMR, MDR, Phylogenesis


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Rahman MA, Chouhan CS, Ahmed A, Rahman AKMA, Islam MA, Islam MJ, Alam MM. Escherichia coli in Human-consumable Foods: Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance Phenotypes, and Genotypes in selective areas of Bangladesh. Eu J Microbiol Infect Dis. 2025; 2(4): 220-233. doi:10.5455/EJMID.20250831011734

Web Style

Rahman MA, Chouhan CS, Ahmed A, Rahman AKMA, Islam MA, Islam MJ, Alam MM. Escherichia coli in Human-consumable Foods: Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance Phenotypes, and Genotypes in selective areas of Bangladesh. https://www.wisdomgale.com/ejmid/?mno=302657989 [Access: December 31, 2025]. doi:10.5455/EJMID.20250831011734

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Rahman MA, Chouhan CS, Ahmed A, Rahman AKMA, Islam MA, Islam MJ, Alam MM. Escherichia coli in Human-consumable Foods: Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance Phenotypes, and Genotypes in selective areas of Bangladesh. Eu J Microbiol Infect Dis. 2025; 2(4): 220-233. doi:10.5455/EJMID.20250831011734


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Rahman MA, Chouhan CS, Ahmed A, Rahman AKMA, Islam MA, Islam MJ, Alam MM. Escherichia coli in Human-consumable Foods: Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance Phenotypes, and Genotypes in selective areas of Bangladesh. Eu J Microbiol Infect Dis. (2025), [cited December 31, 2025]; 2(4): 220-233. doi:10.5455/EJMID.20250831011734


Harvard Style

Rahman, M. A., Chouhan, . C. S., Ahmed, . A., Rahman, . A. K. M. A., Islam, . M. A., Islam, . M. J. & Alam, . M. M. (2025) Escherichia coli in Human-consumable Foods: Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance Phenotypes, and Genotypes in selective areas of Bangladesh. Eu J Microbiol Infect Dis, 2 (4), 220-233. doi:10.5455/EJMID.20250831011734


Turabian Style

Rahman, Mohammad Anisur, Chandra Shaker Chouhan, Adnan Ahmed, A. K. M. Anisur Rahman, Md Ariful Islam, Md Jayedul Islam, and Md Mahbub Alam. 2025. Escherichia coli in Human-consumable Foods: Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance Phenotypes, and Genotypes in selective areas of Bangladesh. European Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2 (4), 220-233. doi:10.5455/EJMID.20250831011734


Chicago Style

Rahman, Mohammad Anisur, Chandra Shaker Chouhan, Adnan Ahmed, A. K. M. Anisur Rahman, Md Ariful Islam, Md Jayedul Islam, and Md Mahbub Alam. "Escherichia coli in Human-consumable Foods: Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance Phenotypes, and Genotypes in selective areas of Bangladesh." European Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 2 (2025), 220-233. doi:10.5455/EJMID.20250831011734


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Rahman, Mohammad Anisur, Chandra Shaker Chouhan, Adnan Ahmed, A. K. M. Anisur Rahman, Md Ariful Islam, Md Jayedul Islam, and Md Mahbub Alam. "Escherichia coli in Human-consumable Foods: Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance Phenotypes, and Genotypes in selective areas of Bangladesh." European Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 2.4 (2025), 220-233. Print. doi:10.5455/EJMID.20250831011734


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Rahman, M. A., Chouhan, . C. S., Ahmed, . A., Rahman, . A. K. M. A., Islam, . M. A., Islam, . M. J. & Alam, . M. M. (2025) Escherichia coli in Human-consumable Foods: Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance Phenotypes, and Genotypes in selective areas of Bangladesh. European Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2 (4), 220-233. doi:10.5455/EJMID.20250831011734


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